Crises... and relations between the Gulf and Spain

Until then, ties had been concentrated mainly in English-speaking countries, which was reflected in everyday life and in the penetration of American culture in many areas. That event left a mark that transcended strictly security issues, generating far-reaching economic, cultural, social, and geopolitical effects, even in the international order itself.

However, 9/11 was not the only factor that prompted Gulf societies to diversify their alliances. Today, the planet is reconfiguring its balances under the pressure of climate change, the volatility of energy markets, disruptions in supply chains, and political crises ranging from the war in Ukraine to tensions in the eastern Mediterranean.

This makes sense for a new phase in relations between the Gulf and Spain based on shared interests, restoring the Mediterranean's role as a bridge between the Arab world and Europe.

Energy is the most sensitive core of this relationship. While the Gulf countries remain key suppliers of oil and gas to Europe, Spain contributes cutting-edge expertise in renewables.

In a context of transition towards climate neutrality and emissions reduction, both actors find common ground: ensuring security of supply and advancing the green transition. 

Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar are committed to long-term investments that reinforce the diversification of their economies; Madrid is looking for reliable suppliers to reduce its dependence on Algerian or Russian gas. This interdependence gives rise to opportunities in areas such as solar energy and green hydrogen, which are emerging as strategic pillars of the future partnership.

Beyond energy, tourism is consolidating its role as a human bridge. Gulf travelers have made Spain one of their favorite destinations, attracted by its lifestyle, cuisine, shopping options, and a decisive factor: safety.

It is not surprising that Spain, with more than 80 million visitors annually, is a world power in tourism, while the Gulf countries are ambitiously developing their own industries within the framework of plans such as Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030.

The Spanish experience offers a model of reference, and the historical legacy of Al-Andalus provides a cultural dimension that strengthens the bond and opens the door to joint initiatives in tourism and culture.

Trade and investment complete this map. Spain is the gateway for Gulf products to the European market, while the region provides Madrid with strategic access to the Middle East and North Africa. 

Spanish investment in infrastructure, transport, and sports is growing in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Qatar, while Gulf sovereign wealth funds are exploring Spanish sectors such as technology, logistics, and real estate. This is an evolution toward strategic alliances that transcend mere commercial exchange.

At the same time, the political factor is also present: Spain, a member of the EU, is a key partner for the Gulf in Brussels, while Spanish officials see the Gulf countries as reliable allies for stabilizing energy markets and boosting investment. Saudi Arabia's growing influence in the G20 and the visibility of the UAE and Qatar in culture and sports make economic diplomacy an essential driver of rapprochement.

Far from weakening ties, major crises highlight their importance. The European energy crisis and logistical disruptions have made connections between the Gulf and Spain more urgent and realistic.

Europe needs reliable partners, and the Gulf is emerging as a strategic option for Madrid, not only in energy, but also in food security, ports, and infrastructure. In turn, cooperation with Spain offers Gulf countries access to advanced technology and a network of long-standing European and Latin American relations.

Today, the Spanish-Gulf relationship is at a historic juncture: moving from traditional cooperation to becoming a strategic pillar in times of successive crises. Europe's need for economic security and stability converges with the Gulf's desire to diversify its sources of power and strengthen its international projection. 

If both sides know how to seize the moment, the Mediterranean can regain its status as an economic and political bridge between the Arab world and Europe, cemented by common interests and a long-term vision.

Dr. Hasan Alnajrani. Journalist and academic